Stachybotrys

Definition

Stachybotrys chartarum, commonly known as "black mold" or "toxic mold," is a greenish-black fungus that grows on materials with high cellulose content (drywall, wood, paper) in consistently damp conditions. Unlike many mold species, Stachybotrys produces potent mycotoxins that can cause serious health effects when inhaled, touched, or ingested. It requires sustained moisture levels (typically from water damage or chronic humidity) and doesn't grow as readily as other common household molds.

Why It Matters

While Stachybotrys represents a relatively small percentage of household mold cases, its health risks make it a serious concern for homeowners. Exposure to Stachybotrys mycotoxins has been linked to respiratory issues, chronic fatigue, headaches, and in severe cases, neurological problems. The term "toxic mold" often creates unnecessary panic, but Stachybotrys does warrant prompt professional remediation—not DIY cleanup. Understanding whether your mold is Stachybotrys (vs. more common Aspergillus or Penicillium species) helps determine the appropriate response level and safety precautions.

How It's Used in Mold Work

Mold professionals use lab testing to definitively identify Stachybotrys, as visual inspection alone cannot distinguish it from other dark molds. When Stachybotrys is confirmed, remediation protocols become more stringent: containment barriers, negative air pressure systems, HEPA filtration, and full personal protective equipment (PPE) are mandatory. Most states require licensed professionals—not homeowners—to handle Stachybotrys removal due to the health risks. The affected materials (typically drywall) are usually removed and discarded rather than cleaned, since mycotoxins can persist even after the visible mold is gone. Professional remediators follow IICRC S520 standards for mycotoxin-producing molds.